Oxford Guide to Plain English 牛津简明英语指南
基本信息
Paperback: 384 pages
Publisher: OUP Oxford; 5 edition (27 Feb. 2020)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0198844611
ISBN-13: 978-0198844617
Product Dimensions: 129 x 195 x 20mm | 402g
中文简介
很多国外知名作家都建议读者要写平实易懂的英语(plain English),那么,怎样才能做到这一点呢?《牛津简明英语指南》(Oxford Guide to Plain English)对此有很详细的阐述。
这本书的作者Martin Cutts是一名作家及编辑,同时也是“简明英语运动”(the Plain English Campaign)的发起人之一。所谓的“简明英语运动”是英美国家上世纪末发起的一个语言简化运动,旨在减少政府、商业以及法律等文件中晦涩难懂的术语以及复杂句式,让大众更加容易读懂它们。
那么,怎样写出简洁易懂的英语呢?作者首先对简明英语下了这样一个定义:
A written communication is in plain language if its wording, structure, and design are so clear that the intended readers can easily find what they need, understand it, and use it.
要写出简洁易懂的英语,我们需要优化用词、句式结构、甚至是文章的排版,以便让读者能够更好地理解。同时,简明英语并不意味着一定要使用低幼化的语言,而是根据读者的情况对语言难度进行调整。
作者在书中提出了不少很实用的建议,比如要学会控制句子的长度、尽量用动词去代替名词、用好标点符号、优化排版以及使用清晰的论证结构等。更可贵的一点是,对于很多冗杂英语句子,作者都给出了修改版,还对修改思路进行了分析,这对于我们学习英文习作具有很大的参加价值。希望提高英语写作的同学推荐去看一看。
英文简介
Plain English is the art of writing clearly, concisely, and in a way that precisely communicates your message to your intended audience. This book offers expert advice to help writers of all abilities improve their written English. With 30 chapters, each centred around a practical guideline, its coverage is extensive, including lessons on vocabulary, punctuation, grammar, layout, proofreading, and organization. There are also hundreds of real examples to show how it's done, with handy 'before' and 'after' versions. All this is presented in a straightforward and engaging way.
This new edition has been fully revised, reorganized, and updated to make its content even more accessible. There are new chapters discussing customer-service writing and common blunders in the workplace, while other sections have been amended to update examples and provide easier routes through the book. The chapter on sexism, in particular, has been heavily expanded to advise on the use of inclusive language in general. A new appendix has also been added, summarising the history of plain English from Chaucer to the present day.
目录
Acknowledgements
Starting points
The thirty guidelines
Summary of the twelve main guidelines
1. Planning comes first
2. Organizing your material in a reader-centred structure
3. Writing short sentences and clear paragraphs
4. Preferring plain words
5. Writing concisely
6. Favouring active-voice verbs
7. Using vigorous verbs
8. Using vertical lists
9. Converting negative to positive
10. Using good punctuation
11. Using good grammar
12. Keeping errors in Czech: its time to Proof read
13. Dealing with some troublesome words and phrases
14. Using or avoiding foreign words
15. Undoing knotty noun strings
16. Reducing cross-references
17. Exploring and exploding some writing myths
19. Pitching your writing at the right level
20. Writing sound starts and excellent endings
21. Creating better emails
22. Using inclusive language
23. Using alternatives to words alone
24. Caring enough about customers to write to them clearly
25. Overseeing colleagues' writing
26. Writing better instructions
27. Clarifying for the Web
28. Making legal language lucid
29. Writing low-literacy plain English
30. Clarifying page layout: some basics
Appendix 1: Commonest words
Appendix 2: A short history of plain-English moments
Sources and notes
Index
作者简介
Martin Cutts is a writer, editor, and teacher. He co-founded the Plain English Campaign in 1979, and in 1994 he founded Plain Language Commission. He gives writing-skills courses in companies, government departments, and law firms. He is a leading voice in the international plain-language movement.
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